This study was aimed at investigating genomic variation in wild cowpea populations to understand its implications for crop improvement. The method adopted in the study encompassed population structure analysis and gene flow studies, supported by statistical tools, to elucidate genetic dynamics from 3 wild cowpea varieties grown on a complete randomized block design with 3 replicates. Results indicate distinct phenotypic traits and genomic markers associated with adaptive mechanisms, with significant variability observed across populations.